State growing guide

Iowa Planting Guide

USDA Zone 5a/5b · Last frost May 1 · First frost Oct 10 · 162 days

Zone-specific planting calendar, major city frost dates, top crops, and Duke's tips for growing food in Iowa.

Primary Zone

5a/5b

Last Frost

May 1

First Fall Frost

Oct 10

Growing Season

162 days

Frost Dates by City — Iowa

Average frost dates for major Iowa cities. Use these to calculate your indoor start dates and transplant windows.

City USDA Zone Last Spring Frost First Fall Frost Tomato Transplant Window
Des Moines 5a May 1 Oct 10 ~2 wks after (May 1)
Sioux City 5a May 3 Oct 8 ~2 wks after (May 3)
Cedar Rapids 5a Apr 30 Oct 12 ~2 wks after (Apr 30)
Iowa City 5b Apr 25 Oct 15 ~2 wks after (Apr 25)
Dubuque 5a May 3 Oct 8 ~2 wks after (May 3)

Average dates based on 30-year NOAA climate normals. Individual years may vary ±2 weeks. Use the Zone Lookup Tool for ZIP-specific dates.

Duke's Top Tips for Iowa Gardeners

  • Iowa has a reliable growing season despite the cold winters
  • Plant potatoes on Good Friday is a tradition — roughly mid-April
  • Iowa summers are hot and humid — perfect for sweet corn and squash
  • Plant a fall garden in late July for October harvest

Common Challenges in Iowa

  • Unpredictable late May frosts — protect transplants until May 10
  • Heavy clay soils compact easily — till in compost each spring
  • Corn earworm is common in garden sweet corn

Best Crops for Iowa

Sweet Corn Tomatoes Peppers Squash Beans Cucumbers Peas Beets Carrots Potatoes

Get exact dates for your ZIP code in Iowa

City averages are a starting point. Your actual microclimate matters — enter your ZIP for precise frost dates.

Frequently Asked Questions — Iowa Gardening

What zone is Iowa?

Iowa is Zones 4b (far northwest corner) to 5b (southeast). Des Moines is Zone 5a with last frost around May 1.

When to plant tomatoes in Iowa?

Start seeds indoors mid-March. Transplant outside after May 10 to be safe. Some years May 1 is fine, but late frosts in early May do occur.